patologiya mochevidelitelnoy sistemi

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patologiya mochevidelitelnoy sistemi normurodova ezoza 📝annotatsiya patologii mochevidelitelnoy sistemi vklyuchayut infektsii (tsistit, pielonefrit), kamni v pochkax, opuxoli (rak mochevogo puzirya, pochek), glomerulonefrit, polikistoz pochek, nefroticheskiy sindrom i drugie narusheniya, privodyashie k disfunktsii pochek i mochevivodyashix putey. 🔑klyuchevie slova. mochekamennaya bolezn, pielonefrit, glomerulonefrit, tsistit, nefroptoz, pochechnaya nedostatochnost, mochevoy puzir, pochki, glomerulonefriti pri poststreptokokkovom glomerulonefrite, razvivayushemsya cherez 1-3 nedeli posle streptokokkovoy infektsii, xarakterni izmeneniya v moche: gematuriya, proteinuriya, tsilindruriya, a takje povishenie arterialnogo davleniya. glomerulonefriti mogut protekat s razlichnoy stepenyu tyajesti, ot lyogkix form s mikrogematuriey do tyajyolix s nefroticheskim sindromom i ostroy pochechnoy nedostatochnostyu, zatragivaya do 20% nefronov. differentsialnaya diagnostika glomerulonefritov vklyuchaet bolee 80 razlichnix zabolevaniy, trebuya kompleksnogo obsledovaniya, vklyuchayushego biopsiyu pochki dlya tochnoy gistologicheskoy xarakteristiki protsessa. mochekamennaya bolezn lechenie mochekamennoy bolezni mojet vklyuchat medikamentoznuyu terapiyu, litotripsiyu (bolee 80% sluchaev uspeshno lechatsya etim metodom), a v slojnix sluchayax - xirurgicheskoe vmeshatelstvo. naibolee rasprostranennimi tipami kamney v mochevivodyashix putyax yavlyayutsya kamni iz …

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t bolee tshatelnogo obsledovaniya i chasto dlitelnoy profilakticheskoy antibiotikoterapii. bolee 80% sluchaev infektsiy mochevivodyashix putey vizvani kishechnoy palochkoy (escherichia coli), pri etom jenshini podverjeni im v 8 raz chashe, chem mujchini, iz-za anatomicheskix osobennostey. pielonefriti pielonefrit chashe porajaet jenshin v vozraste 20-40 let, chto svyazano s anatomicheskimi osobennostyami mochevivodyashix putey i bolshey veroyatnostyu razvitiya vosxodyashey infektsii. xronicheskiy pielonefrit mojet privodit k razvitiyu pochechnoy nedostatochnosti na 2-3 stadii za 5-10 let pri otsutstvii adekvatnogo lecheniya i soprovojdaetsya postoyannimi retsidivami infektsii. ostriy pielonefrit xarakterizuetsya visokoy temperaturoy (vishe 38°c), oznobom, bolyami v poyasnichnoy oblasti i leykotsituriey, s kolichestvom leykotsitov bolee 10-15 v pole zreniya. opuxoli mochevivodyashix putey faktori riska razvitiya opuxoley mochevivodyashix putey vklyuchayut kurenie (do 50% sluchaev), professionalnoe vozdeystvie kantserogenov i semeyniy anamnez. bolee 70% sluchaev raka pochki obnarujivayutsya na lokalnoy stadii, chto pozvolyaet dobitsya 5-letney vijivaemosti bolee 70% pri svoevremennom xirurgicheskom lechenii. opuxoli mochevogo puzirya sostavlyayut okolo 90% vsex opuxoley mochevivodyashix …

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obezvojivaniyu, chto trebuet nemedlennogo vospolneniya jidkosti i elektrolitov dlya predotvrasheniya sereznix oslojneniy. patologii pochek pochechno-kamennaya bolezn, vklyuchayushaya obrazovanie kamney razlichnogo sostava (kaltsievie, urati i dr.), vstrechaetsya u 1-2% naseleniya, chasto vizivaya ostruyu pochechnuyu koliku. ostraya pochechnaya nedostatochnost (opn) xarakterizuetsya rezkim snijeniem skorosti klubochkovoy filtratsii (skf) menee 60 ml/min/1,73 m², chto privodit k nakopleniyu azotistix shlakov v krovi. bolee 10% sluchaev xronicheskoy bolezni pochek (xbp) svyazani s diabeticheskoy nefropatiey, vizivayushey progressiruyushee povrejdenie klubochkov i kanaltsev pochek. xronicheskaya pochechnaya nedostatochnost bolee 80% sluchaev xpn obuslovleni diabeticheskoy nefropatiey i arterialnoy gipertenziey, podcherkivaya vajnost kontrolya etix zabolevaniy dlya profilaktiki. xronicheskaya pochechnaya nedostatochnost (xpn) xarakterizuetsya snijeniem skorosti klubochkovoy filtratsii (skf) menee 60 ml/min/1,73 m² v techenie bolee 3 mesyatsev, privodya k nakopleniyu toksichnix veshestv v organizme. lechenie xpn vklyuchaet dializ (gemodializ ili peritonealniy dializ) i transplantatsiyu pochki, pri etom pyatiletnyaya vijivaemost posle transplantatsii sushestvenno vishe, chem pri dialize. vrojdennie anomalii mochevivodyashix putey ekstrofiya mochevogo puzirya …

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hix putey, potentsialno vizivaya obstruktsiyu i infektsii. mocheispuskatelnie rasstroystva neyrogenniy mochevoy puzir, xarakterizuyushiysya narusheniem innervatsii, privodit k razlichnim disfunktsiyam, vklyuchaya nederjanie, chastotu mocheispuskaniy bolee 8 raz v sutki i nepolnoe oporojnenie mochevogo puzirya (ostatochniy ob'yom > 200 ml). stressovoe nederjanie mochi, bolee rasprostranyonnoe u jenshin, voznikaet pri povishenii vnutribryushnogo davleniya (kashel, smex), zatragivaya okolo 10-20% jenshin v postmenopauzalnom periode, vizivaya neproizvolnoe videlenie mochi. urgentnie sostoyaniya, takie kak ostraya zaderjka mochi, vstrechayutsya u 5-10% mujchin starshe 50 let, chasto obuslovlennie dobrokachestvennoy giperplaziey predstatelnoy jelezi ili urolitiazom. 📌zaklyuchenie patologii mochevidelitelnoy sistemi raznoobrazni, vklyuchaya infektsii, kamni, opuxoli i vrojdyonnie anomalii. rannyaya diagnostika i lechenie kriticheski vajni dlya predotvrasheniya oslojneniy i soxraneniya funktsii pochek. 📚rekomendatsii 1. kulakov, v.i. patologicheskaya anatomiya. – m.: meditsina, 2010. 2. serov, v.v., paukov, v.s. patologicheskaya anatomiya. – m.: meditsina, 2015. 3. lisenkov, n.k., paltsev, m.a. patologiya pochek. – spb.: spetslit, 2018. 4. anichkov, n.n

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patologiya mochevidelitelnoy sistemi normurodova ezoza 📝annotatsiya patologii mochevidelitelnoy sistemi vklyuchayut infektsii (tsistit, pielonefrit), kamni v pochkax, opuxoli (rak mochevogo puzirya, pochek), glomerulonefrit, polikistoz pochek, nefroticheskiy sindrom i drugie narusheniya, privodyashie k disfunktsii pochek i mochevivodyashix putey. 🔑klyuchevie slova. mochekamennaya bolezn, pielonefrit, glomerulonefrit, tsistit, nefroptoz, pochechnaya nedostatochnost, mochevoy puzir, pochki, glomerulonefriti pri poststreptokokkovom glomerulonefrite, razvivayushemsya cherez 1-3 nedeli posle streptokokkovoy infektsii, xarakterni izmeneniya v moche: gematuriya, proteinuriya, tsilindruriya, a takje povishenie arterialnogo davleniya. glomerulonefriti mogut protekat s razlichnoy stepenyu tyajesti, ...

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