asoshoi ekologiya (kitobi darsii)

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prezentatsiya powerpoint donishgohi davlatii samarqand ba nomi sharof rashidov kafedrai ekologiya va faoliyati bexatarii hayot samarqand – 2022 fan: ekologiya va muhofizati muhiti atrof mavzӯ: shinosoi bo kitobi darsii asoshoi ekologiya ma'ruzachi: dotsenti kafedrai ekologiya va faoliyati bexatarii hayot madjidova t.r. donishgohi davlatii samarqand kafedrai ekologiya va fa'oliyati bexatarii hayot t.r. madjidova asoshoi ekologiya (kitobi darsӣ) samarqand - 2022 naqshai dars: 1. mundariҷa 2. peshguftor ……................................................................................................... 7 bobi i. sarsuxan oid ba asoshoi ekologiya va hifzi tabiat..................................................................................9 bandi 1. ta'rixi muxtasari inkishofi ekologiya ........................................ 10 bandi 2. vazifaho va usulhoi omӯzishi fanni ekologiya. ........................... 14 bandi 3. fanni ekologiya dar bayni fanhoi digari biologӣ..................... 16 bobi ii. muhiti zist va omilhoi ekologӣ................................ 27 bandi 1. ob hamchun muhiti zist........................................................................ 27 bandi 2. muhiti hayotii zaminu havoӣ............................................................ 28 bandi 3. xok hamchun muhiti hayotӣ.................................................................. 36 bandi 4. omilhoi ekologӣ .................................. ........................................... 37 muhiti zist ҷuz'i tabiat, ki organizmhoi zindaro ihota dorand …

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r natiҷai fa'oliyati xud hosil menamoyand ba atrof medihand. organizmhoi zinda 4 muhiti asosiro ishg'ol mekunand: ob, havo, sathi zamin va xudi organizmho. namudi nurho darozii mavҷho (nm – nanometr) ultrabunafsh ayon: bunafsh kabud nilgun sabz zard norinҷӣ surx infrasurx to 400 400 – 450 450-480 480-500 500-560 560-580 580-620 620-650 ziyoda az 650 spektri nurhoi oftobӣ va darozii mavҷhoi on rastanihoe, ki dar ob mesabzand (nilufar, elodiya, chanoraki obӣ va g'aӣra (nam) dar ҷoӣhoi sernam sabzish dorand (xino, sebarga, sholӣ, chilbug'um). (mobaӣnӣ) - ba in guro'h daraxtoni xazonrez, buttaho aa g'aӣra doxiland. (xushk) - dar xushkӣ mesabzand. onho dar navbati xud ba sklerofitho va sukkulentho ҷudo meshavand (kaktus, saksavul, sabur, yantoq va digaron). gidrofit gigrofit mezofit kserofit (namӣ) - dar ҷoӣhoi sernam zindagӣ dorand (pashshahri xunmak, ba'ze namudhoi obhokiho). (mobaӣnӣ) - dar ҷoi na xushkӣ na sernam zindagӣ dorand. (xushk) - dar ҷoӣhoi xushkӣ, so'zon zindagӣ mekunand (gambusk, malax, …

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.............78 bandi 2. ustuvorӣ va dinamikii ekosistemaho....................................... 82 bandi 3. mubodilai moddaho dar ekosistemaho.............................................87 bobi vi. ekologiyai biosfera........................................................ 85 bandi 1. ta'limot oid ba biosfera................................................................ 85 bandi 2. gardishi elementhoi biogenӣ....................................................... 89 bandi 3. ta'sirrasonii inson ba biosfera............................................... 97 bobi vii. ekologiyai gidrosfera............................................... 114 bandi 1. ta'limot oid ba gidrosfera......................................................... 114 bandi 2. muammohoi hifzi ob va istifodai oqilonai zaxirahoi obӣ....119 muvozinati ob dar sathi zamin maydon maydon km2 borishoti atmosferӣ ҷam'i umumii obhoi zerizamini va ruyizamini buxorshavӣ mm xazor km3 mm xazor km3 mm xazor km3 xushki 149 mln 800 119 315 47 485 72 ukyonusi dunyo 361 mln 1270 458 130 47 1400 505 dar satxi zamin 510 mln 1130 577 - bobi viii. ekologiyai atmosfera................................................ 99 bandi 1. soxt va xususiyathoi qabati atmosfera ......................................... 99 bandi 2. muammohoi ekologii atmosferii ӯzbekiston............................ 105 bobi ix. ekologiyai xok va ravandi xokpaydoshavӣ ............ 130 bandi 1. ma'lumot oid ba ekologiyai …

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1. naqshi nabotot va hayvonot dar biosfera..................................... 161 bandi 2. ta'siri inson ba olami nabototu hayvonot................................. 163 bandi 3. zaxirahoi biologii mintaqahoi tabiii ӯzbekiston.................. 166 bobi xi. tarbiya va ma'rifati ekologӣ............................... 186 bandi 1. ma'lumot oid ba rushdi ustuvor.................................................... 186 bandi 2. ta'lim va tarbiyai ekologӣ.............................................................. 189 adabiyothoi istifodashuda ............................................................................. 195 adabiyothoi istifoda karda shuda. shodimetov yu., ijtimoiy ekologiyaga kirish – t.: “o'qituvchi”, 1994. izzatullaev z., madjidova t.r. asoshoi ekologiya va muhofizati tabiat. – samarqand, 2005. ergashev a. umumiy ekologiya. – t.: “ӯzbekiston”, 2003. ba diqqataton tashakkur! image1.jpg image2.jpeg image3.png image4.png image5.emf image6.emf image7.emf image8.jpeg image9.jpeg image10.emf image11.emf image12.emf image13.emf image14.jpeg image15.jpeg image16.emf image17.emf image18.png image19.jpeg image20.emf image21.emf image22.emf image23.png image24.jpeg image25.png image26.png image27.jpeg image28.png image29.jpeg image30.png image31.jpeg muhiti zist tarkibi kimiyovӣ vaz'iyati tabiӣ (harorat, rӯshnoӣ, fishor, nurhoi radiatsionӣ ) tarkibi muhit tarqibi muxiti obӣ, ki 72%-i sathi zaminro ixota kardaast. tarkibi havo tarkibi xok mikdori obi tarkibi xok mikdori …

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terotipӣ omilhoi kayhonӣ aste roidho kametaho changi kayhonӣ nurafshoni hoi gunoguni oftob va sitoraho modda hoi meteorӣ omilhoi topografӣ balandi az sathi bahr ekspozit siyai rӯshnoi nokiii mavze' sathi nishebii mavze' rel'efi mavze' omilhoi ekologӣ fizikavӣ •iqlimӣ zoogenӣ(ta'siri hayvon • topografӣ • kaӣhonӣ • tarkibi mexa- nikii muhit • harorati baland (otash, sӯxtor. vulkanho) mikrobogenӣ (ta'siri mikrobho) kimiyoӣ(tarkibi sifatӣ va miqdorii muhit) • moddai asosӣ; • g'ashhoi gunogun ; • g'ashhoi zahrnok • kislotagӣ yo ish qorӣ budani rn-i muhit va g'ayra tabiӣ abiotӣ antropogenӣ biotӣ fitogenӣ ( ta'siri rastaniho) gunogunii rustaniho vobasta az ro'shno ӣ namudi rustaniho talabot ba ro'shnoӣ ro'shnoido'st soyado'st ro'shnoido'sti fakultativӣ alafӣ ҷavdor, gandum, oftobparast begoniya rustanihoi piromuni ҷangal buttagӣ saraxs daraxtӣ sanavbar, archa, to's, bulut zirfur savol: tarkibi muhitro ma'nidod kuned. tarkibi muhit omilhoi ekologӣ kimiyoӣ(tarkibi sifatӣ va miqdorii muhit) tabiӣ abiotӣ antropogenӣ biotӣ

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prezentatsiya powerpoint donishgohi davlatii samarqand ba nomi sharof rashidov kafedrai ekologiya va faoliyati bexatarii hayot samarqand – 2022 fan: ekologiya va muhofizati muhiti atrof mavzӯ: shinosoi bo kitobi darsii asoshoi ekologiya ma'ruzachi: dotsenti kafedrai ekologiya va faoliyati bexatarii hayot madjidova t.r. donishgohi davlatii samarqand kafedrai ekologiya va fa'oliyati bexatarii hayot t.r. madjidova asoshoi ekologiya (kitobi darsӣ) samarqand - 2022 naqshai dars: 1. mundariҷa 2. peshguftor ……................................................................................................... 7 bobi i. sarsuxan oid ba asoshoi ekologiya va hifzi tabiat..................................................................................9 bandi 1. ta'rixi muxtasari inkishofi ekologiya .....

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