axial skeleton

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powerpoint presentation axial skeleton dr. mack mbbs, ms, ph.d. assistant professor department of human anatomy samarkand state medical institute e-mail: drmack_ssmi@hotmail.com axial skeleton functions protect (brain, spinal cord, and organs in ventral cavity) permit limited movement but strong and reinforced with ligaments provide attachment for muscles; adjust positions of head, neck, and trunk perform respiratory movements stabilize or position parts of appendicular skeleton that supportlimbs bones of the axial skeleton vertebral column vertebral column also called the spine or backbone composed of vertebrae functions as strong flexible rod that can rotate and move in all directions encloses and protects spinal cord supports the skull point of attachment for ribs, pelvic girdle, and back muscles regions of the vertebrae 7 cervical vertebrae in the neck 12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae supporting the lower back 1 sacrum (consists of 5 fused sacral vertebrae) 1 coccyx (consists of 3-5 fused coccygeal vertebrae) …

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nal nerve transverse processes extend laterally on each side where the lamina and pedicle join spinous process projects from the junction of the laminae combined with the two transverse processes, these three are points of attachment for muscles to the vertebral column articular processes superior articular processes join with the vertebra right above them inferior articular processes join with the vertebra right below them the articulating surfaces are called facets and are lined with hyaline cartilage vertebrae numbered in sequence from top to bottom in each region. cervical vertebrae all have three foramina: one verteral foramen and two transverse foramina atlas (c1 vertebra) supports the head does not have a body or spinous process upper surface contains the superior articular facets that articulate with the occipital bone (allows you to nod “yes”) axis (c2 vertebra) does have a body and spinous process the dens, a tooth- shaped process, projects up …

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ction on the top border coccyx triangular shape formed by the fusion of 3-5 coccygeal vertebrae the top articulates with the sacrum thorax thoracic cage bony cage formed by the sternum, costal cartilages, ribs, and bodies of the thoracic vertebrae encloses and protects the organs of the thoracic cavity and upper abdominal cavity provides support for the bones of the shoulder and upper limbs sternum flat, narrow bone located in the center of the anterior thoracic wall also known as the breastbone consists of three parts the manubrium is the upper part, articulating with the clavicles and first and second ribs. the body is the largest and middle part, articulating directly or indirectly with the 2nd-10th ribs. the xiphoid process is the lowest and smallest part that has some abdominal muscles attached to it. ribs twelve pairs make up the sides of the thoracic cavity each rib articulates posteriorly with …

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powerpoint presentation axial skeleton dr. mack mbbs, ms, ph.d. assistant professor department of human anatomy samarkand state medical institute e-mail: drmack_ssmi@hotmail.com axial skeleton functions protect (brain, spinal cord, and organs in ventral cavity) permit limited movement but strong and reinforced with ligaments provide attachment for muscles; adjust positions of head, neck, and trunk perform respiratory movements stabilize or position parts of appendicular skeleton that supportlimbs bones of the axial skeleton vertebral column vertebral column also called the spine or backbone composed of vertebrae functions as strong flexible rod that can rotate and move in all directions encloses and protects spinal cord supports the skull point of attachment for ribs, pelvic girdle, and ba...

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