lecture 11 typology of phrases, word combinations, sentences in english, uzbek, and russian languages

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lecture 11. typology of phrases, word combinations, sentences in of english, uzbek and russian languages key points for discussion: · definitions of word combinations/phrases in compared languages · structure and classification of word combinations of english, russian and uzbek languages. · criteria of connection of words in word combinations. · definition of the sentence. criteria of dividing sentences into types. classification of sentences. typology of english, russian and uzbek sentence types. key words: word combinations, analytical form, grammatical unit, noncommunicative units, repetition, sentence, phonetics, approach, syntactic pattern, semantics. the definition given by the scholar ilyish to the phrase (―every combination of two or more words which is a grammatical unit but is not an analytical form of some word‖) leaves no doubt as to its equivalence to the term ―word combination‖. the word combination, along with the sentence, is the main syntactic unit. the smallest word combination consists of two …

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ranslate the text – expanded elements are equal in rank extended a word takes a dependent element and this dependent element becomes the head for another word: a beautiful flower – a very beautiful flower russian simple (two notional words) белый плащ, готовиться к поездке complex (three and more notional words) очень старый плащ, готовится к завтрашней поездке - uzbek simple (consists of two notional words) оқ қоғоз, кўмкўк осмон complex (consists of extending the members of simple word combination) осмондаги уч ўрдак, ҳаммадан аълочи ўқувчи - in compared languages combinations of words can be classified according to the type of syntagmatic relations as follows: english coordinate you and me subordinate to see a house, a nice dress predicative him coming, for him to come russian syntactically free высокий дом, идти в школу. syntactically bound три сестры, анютин ы глазки. - uzbek independent китоб ва дафтар. dependent опамнинг китоби. - …

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e – прыгать через верѐвочку, бегал по двору, adverbial phrase – совсем близко, на едине стобой, nominal phrase: substantial – красное пальто, стол с тумбочкой, adjective – почти серьѐзный, полный сомнения, красный отнатуги, pronoun - кто-нибудь из нас, я с товарищем, quantitative – один из нас, второй по порядку. uzbek→ verb phrase – вазифани бажармоқ, тез ўқиш, nominal phrase: noun phrase – кенг дала, adjective phrase – тухумдан кичик, quantitative phrase –одамларнинг бири, pronoun phrase – ўқувчиларнинг ҳаммаси. types of dependent relation in russian and uzbek languages can be in three types: agreement, government, and adjoining (contact). agreement is not often found in modern english, but it is widely used in modern russian and uzbek. the agreement is agreeing with the head word and dependent word in number and person (this room-these rooms, that room-those rooms, i have a book-he has a book). agreement in modern russian is found in …

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лдим, сиз келдингиз, у келди); in possessive connection, the head word is expressed with possessive inflection, thedependent word takes inflection of genitive case (бизнинг китобимиз, менинг китобим, навоий ғазали). government is a variety of syntactical connection in accordance with which the use of the oblique case is dependent upon the grammatical meaning of the head word. the governmentcan be found in all compared languages eru. in english government is used to join together 2 nouns: the noun-attribute usually is used in the possessive case. (a boy’s book – boys’ books, a day’s holiday, an hour’s absence). government is used in verbal combinations where the object is expressed by a personal pronoun (believe me, help him). the prepositional government is more frequently used in english(to rely on him, to depend upon him). the verb governments through the preposition. in russian governing words may be expressed by different parts of speech: 1) …

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endent word is connected with head word with the help of auxiliaries: умр бўйи кутдим, қуш сингари учди, укам билан ишладик); mixed government (both grammatical forms exist: сиз томонга қаради, бозорга қараб кетли, сой бўйига тушдик). adjoining is a variety of syntactical connection when the dependence of one word upon head word is expressed not morphologically but semantically (my room-my rooms, a small room-small rooms; читатьлѐжа, тихосидеть, чересчургромкий, сапогивсмятку, скромноулыбающаяся; хушбўй гул, биринчи босқич, терилган пахта, тахта кўприк, қайси юрт). adjoining in all three compared languages are divided into three types: · attributive phrases (object and its feature, they can be expressed by different parts of speech: to be happy, to seem delighted, to stay calm, любящийсын, третьегочисла, горькийвкус, тоза сув, ўнта пиѐла, келган меҳмон). · objective phrases (action, feature and the object, in the relation of carrying out the action or feature: to live a miserable life, to smile …

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lecture 11. typology of phrases, word combinations, sentences in of english, uzbek and russian languages key points for discussion: · definitions of word combinations/phrases in compared languages · structure and classification of word combinations of english, russian and uzbek languages. · criteria of connection of words in word combinations. · definition of the sentence. criteria of dividing sentences into types. classification of sentences. typology of english, russian and uzbek sentence types. key words: word combinations, analytical form, grammatical unit, noncommunicative units, repetition, sentence, phonetics, approach, syntactic pattern, semantics. the definition given by the scholar ilyish to the phrase (―every combination of two or more words which is a grammatical unit but is no...

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