diagnostic technologies

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tashkent medical academy 1-treatment group-213”b” tashkent medical academy departament of uzbek and foreign language 1-treatment group-213”b” prepared: sharofiddinova dilshoda theme:diagnostic technologies plan: 1. classification. 2. electrical methods - ecg,eeg,emg,eng. 3. x-ray imaging methods. 4. nuclear magnetic resonancy scanning (nmr). classification a. biochemical methods-blood tests, enzyme tests, mineral content tests, test for evaluation of concentration - na, k, ca..., glucose, urea in blood plasma, in liquor or in urine.... b. physical methods 1. mechanical: e.g. ausculta-tion, percussion, palpation, blood pressure (non-direct) method, body temperature measurement. 2. electric: ecg, eeg, emg, eng, erg, audiometry, blood pressure (direct method,) blood flow, and air flow tests, chronaxi-metry . 3. electromechanical: spiro-metry, energymetry,test for sceletal muscle con-tractions, or the evaluation of the lenght and muscle tonus. 4. optic and optoelectric methods : light microscopy, electron microscopy,ophtalmoscopy, otoscopy, bronchoscopy, fiber optics. 5. ultrasound (dopplers) methods:blood flow test, sonography, echocardiography. 6. x- ray imagine methods: sciascopy, sciagraphy, …

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a –pathology in adults,f = 4-7 hz, a = 50 μv delta- at rem sleep f = 1- 4 hz, a = 100 μv ultrasonography- detection of size and shape of foetus in uterus x-ray imaging methods: sciascopy,sciagraphy, classical and computer tomography x-rays: kind of ionizing, non-visible radiation. it is danger for living body. max. harmless exposure is 5 msv/ year -adults source: x-ray tube (diode with - cathode and + ano-de ). electrons are emitted from cathode and flight in vacuum targeting anode. thus, only 1-2% x- ra-ys is produced, 98% is taken away of diode as a heat. there are “hard“ and “soft“types of x-rays. the higher is an anodal voltage (50-150 kv) the har-der (more penetrable) is x-ray radiation and vice versa. x-ray photo is black-white.the bones and air have best contrast, soft tissues have worse or no contrast. the contrast matters must be injected nuclear magnetic …

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tashkent medical academy 1-treatment group-213”b” tashkent medical academy departament of uzbek and foreign language 1-treatment group-213”b” prepared: sharofiddinova dilshoda theme:diagnostic technologies plan: 1. classification. 2. electrical methods - ecg,eeg,emg,eng. 3. x-ray imaging methods. 4. nuclear magnetic resonancy scanning (nmr). classification a. biochemical methods-blood tests, enzyme tests, mineral content tests, test for evaluation of concentration - na, k, ca..., glucose, urea in blood plasma, in liquor or in urine.... b. physical methods 1. mechanical: e.g. ausculta-tion, percussion, palpation, blood pressure (non-direct) method, body temperature measurement. 2. electric: ecg, eeg, emg, eng, erg, audiometry, blood pressure (direct method,) blood flow, and air flow tests, ...

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