overview of american literature

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overview of american literature overview of american literature the history of american literature is the literature of american history. native american period (pre-1620) oral tradition of song and stories original authors unknown written accounts come after colonization include creation stories, myths, totems archetypes of trickster and conjurer focuses on the natural world as sacred importance of land and place native american period (pre-1620) several hundred years before the revolution, dekanawida and the iroquois confederation gave the founding fathers a model for our future government in the iroquois constitution. colonial period (1620-1750) newly arrived colonists create villages and towns and establish new governments while protesting the old ways in europe did not consider themselves “americans” until mid-18c enormous displacement of native-american civilizations french—st lawrence river swedes—delaware river dutch—hudson river german and scots-irish—new york and pennsylvania spanish—florida africans (mostly slaves) were throughout the colonies colonial period (1620-1750) literature of the period dominated …
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ution, this period becomes known as early nationalism. writers begin to ponder what it really means to be an american. after the war of 1812, which removed the last british troops from north america, there was an even greater focus on nationalism, patriotism, and american identity revolutionary period (1750-1815) emphasis on reason as opposed to faith alone; rise of empirical science, philosophy, theology shift to a more print-based culture; literacy seen as sign of status instructive in values, highly ornate writing style; highly political and patriotic revolutionary period (1750-1815) representative authors: benjamin franklin (biography, common sense aphorisms) patrick henry (speech) thomas paine (pamphlet) thomas jefferson (political documents) abigail adams (letters) romanticism (1800-1865) romanticism is a philosophical reaction to the previous decades in which reason and rational thought dominated emphasis on universal human experience valuing feeling and intuition over reason optimistic period of invention, manifest destiny, abolition movement, and the “birth” …
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nticism (1800-1865) fireside poets, the most popular romantic poets of the time, were read in the home by the fireside because their poetry contained strong family values, patriotism, etc. it has remained popular in elementary schools for memorization. henry wadsworth longfellow oliver wendell holmes james russell lowell john greenleaf whittier romanticism (1800-1865) transcendentalism came to america from europe belief that man’s nature is inherently good; “divine spark” or “inner-light” belief that man and society are perfectible (utopia) stress individualism, self-reliance, intuition ralph waldo emerson (essays, poetry) henry david thoreau (essays) romanticism (1800-1865) dark romanticism (also known as gothic or anti-transcendentalism) belief that man’s nature is inherently evil belief that whatever is wrong with society—sin, pain, evil—has to be fixed by fixing the individual man first. use of supernatural strong use of symbolism dark landscapes, depressed characters nathaniel hawthorne (novels, short stories) herman melville (novels, short stories, poetry) edgar allan poe …
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owerful force beyond man’s control. racism persisted beyond slavery—reconstruction, jim crow, kkk, etc. realism (1800-1855) transitional writers which span the romantic and realistic periods express transcendental ideas in poetry with realistic detail. experimented with new poetic techniques such as free verse and slant rhyme. walt whitman (poetry) emily dickinson (poetry) realism (1850-1900) civil war writers are primarily concerned with the war, slavery, and to a lesser extent, women’s suffrage. abraham lincoln robert e. lee mary chesnut sojourner truth harriet beecher stowe john parker frederick douglass realism (1850-1900) local color writers (also known as regionalists) focused on a particular region of the country, seeking to represent accurately the culture and beliefs of that area. emphasized accurate portrayals of the physical landscape as well as the habits, occupations, and speech (dialect) of the area’s people realism (1850-1900) local color writers include, among others: mark twain (the mississippi river valley) bret harte (the …
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the universe of the naturalists is godless, cold, and indifferent. life often seems meaningless. fate = chance (no free will) the characters in these works are often helpless victims—trapped by nature, the environment, or their own heritage. jack london (novels, short stories) stephen crane (novels, short stories, poetry) edwin arlington robinson (poetry) ambrose bierce (short stories) modernism (1900-1950) modern period writers were affected by world war i, world war ii, fear of communism, and the beginning of the cold war roaring 20’s, the great depression, commercialism increased population lingering racial tensions after slavery and reconstruction technological changes rise of the youth culture fear over eroding traditions modernism (1900-1950) modern writers are known for themes of alienation and disconnectedness frequent use of irony and understatement experimentation with new literary techniques in fiction and poetry: stream of consciousness interior dialogue fragments trying to create a unique style rise of ethnic and women …

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overview of american literature overview of american literature the history of american literature is the literature of american history. native american period (pre-1620) oral tradition of song and stories original authors unknown written accounts come after colonization include creation stories, myths, totems archetypes of trickster and conjurer focuses on the natural world as sacred importance of land and place native american period (pre-1620) several hundred years before the revolution, dekanawida and the iroquois confederation gave the founding fathers a model for our future government in the iroquois constitution. colonial period (1620-1750) newly arrived colonists create villages and towns and establish new governments while protesting the old ways in europe did not consider themse...

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