7-sinf geografiya darslik @e_baza_ishreja

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geografiya 7 m.ât.âmirakmalov sh.âm.âsharipov m.âm.âavezov m.ât.âhojiyeva uoâk 51(075.3) kbk 51ya71 j 87 tuzuvchilar: m. t. mirakmalov, sh. m. sharipov, m. m. avezov, m. t. hojiyeva taqrizchilar: v. a. rafiqov â oâzbekiston fanlar akademiyasi seysmologiya instituti direktori, geografiya fanlari doktori (dsc) n. r. alimqulov â nizomiy nomidagi tdpu geografiya kafedrasi dotsenti, geografiya fanlari nomzodi; r. a. ibragimova â mirzo ulugâbek nomidagi oâzmu tabiiy geografiya kafedrasi dotsenti, geografiya fanlari nomzodi; sh. usmanov â fargâona viloyati fargâona shahri 2-idum oliy toifali geografiya fani oâqituvchisi; d. k. oxunjonova â toshkent shahri olmazor tumani 278-maktab geografiya fani oâqituvchisi. xaritalar geografiya fanlari nomzodi, dotsent a. ibraimova tahriri ostida berildi. geografiya [matn]: 7-sinf uchun darslik / m. mirakmalov [va boshq.]. â toshkent: respublika taâlim markazi, 2022. â 176 b. isbn 978â9943â0000â0â0 shartli belgilar: â kalit soâzlar â bu qiziq! â bilimlarni faollashtiramiz â savol va topshiriqlar respublika maqsadli kitob jamgâarmasi mablagâlari hisobidan chop etildi. original maket va …

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xaritalar ..................................................................................................................11 2.2. geografik koordinatalar ..........................................................................................................14 2.3. masshtab .................................................................................................................................16 2.4. amaliy mashgâulot ..................................................................................................................18 iii bob. geografik qobiq ..........................................................................................19 3.1. geografik qobiqning chegaralari, xususiyatlari .....................................................................19 3.2. geografik qobiqning rivojlanish bosqichlari .........................................................................21 3.3. litosfera va uning harakatlari .................................................................................................24 3.4. yerning iqlim mintaqalari .......................................................................................................28 3.5. landshaftlar ............................................................................................................................31 3.6. yer yuzi aholisi va uning tabiatga taâsiri .................................................................................34 iv bob. dunyo okeani ................................................................................................36 4.1. dunyo okeani va uning qismlari .............................................................................................36 4.2. dunyo okeani tubining geologik tuzilishi va relyefi...............................................................40 4.3. okean suvining xususiyatlari ..................................................................................................42 4.4. okean boylikl

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ari va ulardan foydalanish ...............................................................................45 4.5. umumlashtiruvchi dars ..........................................................................................................47 v bob. materiklar va okeanlar tabiati ...................................................................49 afrika materigi ..............................................................................................................................49 5.1. geografik oârni va oârganilishi .................................................................................................49 5.2. geologik tuzilishi, relyefi va foydali qazilmalari ....................................................................52 5.3. materik iqlimining xususiyatlari. iqlim mintaqalari ..............................................................55 5.4. afrika materigining ichki suvlari .............................................................................................58 5.5. amaliy mashgâulot ..................................................................................................................61 5.6. materikning tabiat zonalari ....................................................................................................62 5.7. tabiiy geografik oâlkalari. materik tabiatiga insonning taâsiri ...............................................66 5.8. atlantika okeani ......................................................................................................................69 5.9. hind okeani .............................................................................................................................72 5.10. amaliy mashgâulot ................................................................................................................74 5.11. umumlashtiruvchi dars ........................................................................................................76 avstraliya m

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aterigi .......................................................................................................................78 5.12. geografik oârni, oârganilishi, geologik tuzilishi, foydali qazilmalari va relyefi ....................78 5.13. iqlimi, ichki suvlari va tabiat zonalari ..................................................................................81 5.14. materik aholisi va uning tabiatga taâsiri ...............................................................................85 5.15. umumlashtiruvchi dars ........................................................................................................87 5.16. tinch okean ...........................................................................................................................89 5.17. okeaniya ................................................................................................................................92 5.18. amaliy mashgâulot ................................................................................................................95 antarktida materigi .....................................................................................................................96 5.19. geografik oârni, oârganilishi, geologik tuzilishi, foydali qazilmalari, relyefi .......................96 5.20. iqlimi va organik dunyosi ...................................................................................................100 janubiy amerika materigi. .......................................................................................................103 5.21. geografik oârni, oârganilishi, geologik tuzilishi, foydali qazilmalari, relyefi .....................103 5.22. iqlimi va ichki suvlari ..........................................................................................................107 5.23. amaliy mashgâulot ..............................................................................................................111 5.24.

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janubiy amerika tabiat zonalari va balandlik mintaqalari ...............................................112 5.25. tabiiy geografik oâlkalari. aholisi va uning tabiatga taâsiri ................................................116 shimoliy amerika materigi. ......................................................................................................120 5.26. geografik oârni, oârganilishi, geologik tuzilishi, foydali qazilmalari, relyefi .....................120 5.27. shimoliy amerika iqlimi va ichki suvlari ............................................................................124 5.28. shimoliy amerikaning tabiat zonalari va balandlik mintaqalari ......................................129 5.29. amaliy mashgâulot ..............................................................................................................132 5.30. tabiiy geografik oâlkalari va aholisining tabiatga taâsiri ....................................................134 5.31. shimoliy muz okeani ...........................................................................................................138 5.32. umumlashtiruvchi dars ......................................................................................................141 yevrosiyo materigi .....................................................................................................................143 5.33. yevrosiyoning geografik oârni, oârganilishi .........................................................................143 5-34. geologik tuzilishi, foydali qazilmalari. relyefi ..................................................................147 5.35. yevrosiyo iqlimi ...................................................................................................................151 5.36. yevrosiyoning iqlim mintaqalari ........................................................................................154 5.37. yevrosiyoning ichki suvlari .............................................

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....................................................156 5.38. amaliy mashgâulot ..............................................................................................................159 5.39. yevrosiyoning tabiat zonalari .............................................................................................160 5.40. yevrosiyo aholisi va uning tabiatga taâsiri ..........................................................................164 5.41. yevrosiyo hududining tabiiy geografik oâlkalarga boâlinishi .............................................165 5.42. amaliy mashgâulot ..............................................................................................................167 5.43. umumlashtiruvchi dars ......................................................................................................168 ilovalar ........................................................................................................................................170 glossariy ......................................................................................................................................174 5 soâzboshi aziz oâquvchilar! siz bu yildan boshlab yangi fan â geografiyani oârganishni boshlaysiz. mazkur fan sizning yer tabiati haqidagi bilimlaringizni yanada mustahkamlaydi. yer yuzidagi yirik suvlik va quruqliklar â materiklar va okeanlar, ularning qismlari tabiati, ularda sodir boâlayotgan oâzgarishlar bilan tanishtiradi. ushbu darslikni oâqish orqali siz materiklar va okeanlarni oârgangan sayyohlarning faoliyati, turli materiklar iqlimi, suvlari, tabiat zonalari, okeanlar va ularning yirik qismlari â dengizlar, qoâltiq va boâgâizlar tabiati bilan yaqindan tanishasiz. ularni bilish, tahlil qila olish esa yurtimiz tabiatida kuzatilayotgan oâzgarishlarni tushunishingizda, ularni tahlil qilish orqali kelajakda yer yuzi va mamlakatimiz tabiatida sodir boâlishi mumkin boâlgan ekologik va geoekologik muamm

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geografiya 7 m.ât.âmirakmalov sh.âm.âsharipov m.âm.âavezov m.ât.âhojiyeva uoâk 51(075.3) kbk 51ya71 j 87 tuzuvchilar: m. t. mirakmalov, sh. m. sharipov, m. m. avezov, m. t. hojiyeva taqrizchilar: v. a. rafiqov â oâzbekiston fanlar akademiyasi seysmologiya instituti direktori, geografiya fanlari doktori (dsc) n. r. alimqulov â nizomiy nomidagi tdpu geografiya kafedrasi dotsenti, geografiya fanlari nomzodi; r. a. ibragimova â mirzo ulugâbek nomidagi oâzmu tabiiy geografiya kafedrasi dotsenti, geografiya fanlari nomzodi; sh. usmanov â fargâona viloyati fargâona shahri 2-idum oliy toifali geografiya fani oâqituvchisi; d. k. oxunjonova â toshkent shahri olmazor tumani 278-maktab geografiya fani oâqituvchisi. xaritalar geografiya fanlari nomzodi, dotsent...

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