ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov

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tovarovednaya xarakteristika xarakteristika plodov, ovoshey i gribov plan: ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov. svejie ovoshi. svejie plodi. svejie gribi. 1. ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov vodi v svejix ovoshax i plodax ot 70 do 95%. kolichestvo saxarov v ovoshax do 9,5%, v plodax - do 20% . kraxmal soderjitsya v osnovnom v ovoshax: v kartofele (18%), zelenom goroshke (6%) i saxarnoy kukuruze (10%). kletchatki v ovoshax i plodax do 4%. mineralnix veshestv (kaliy, kaltsiy, fosfor, natriy, magniy, jelezo, marganets, sera, xlor, yod, kobalt i dr.) v ovoshax i plodax soderjitsya 0,25-2%. ovoshi i plodi yavlyayutsya osnovnim istochnikom vitaminov s, r, k i gruppi v . takje organicheskie kisloti, efirnie masla, dubilnie veshestva, krasyashie veshestva, azotistie veshestva. jirov v plodax i ovoshax do 1%. 2. svejie ovoshi 2.1 klubneplodi (kartofel, topinambur, batat) kartofel kraxmal (18%). azotistie veshestva (2%), saxara (1,5%), mineralnie veshestva (1%), …

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istie, zdorovie, neuvyadshie i neprorosshie klubni, dlya otbornix sortov - odnorodnimi po forme i okraske. zapax i vkus kartofelya - svoystvennie botanicheskomu sortu. razmer klubney dlya rannego otbornogo kartofelya - 35-40 mm, dlya obiknovennogo - 25-30, dlya pozdnix otbornix sortov - 40-50, dlya obiknovennogo - 30-45 mm. kartofel otbornix sortov doljen postupat bez defektov, ochishennim ot zemli. ne dopuskaetsya kartofel: pozelenevshiy, vyaliy, razdavlenniy, povrejdenniy grizunami, porajenniy gnilyu, fitoftoroy, podmorojenniy, zaparenniy, s nalichiem organicheskoy i mineralnoy primesi (soloma, botva, kamni), s postoronnim zapaxom. topinambur batat bolezni klubneplodov fuzarium (suxaya gnil) vizivaetsya gribom, v vide burix pyaten. fitoftora - gribnoe zabolevanie , v vide vdavlennix korichnevix pyaten. mokraya gnil vizivaetsya bakteriyami, prevrashaya v slizistuyu massu s nepriyatnim zapaxom. parsha obiknovennaya porajaet kartofel v vide yazvochek raznoy velichini. koltsevaya gnil vizivaetsya bakteriyami, kotorie porajayut klubni po sosudistim puchkam v vide chernix kolets. upakovka i xranenie klubneplodov kartofel upakovivaetsya v jestkuyu taru (yashiki) i …

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bovskaya ploskaya, bordo 237, egipetskaya ploskaya, podzimnyaya , xolodostoykaya 19. raznovidnostyu svekli yavlyaetsya mangold - listovaya svekla. redka 1 po vremeni sozrevaniya: letnyaya, zimnyaya 2 po okraske korneploda: belaya, chernaya, seraya, zelenaya 3 po forme: dlinnaya, poludlinnaya, kruglaya redis razlichayut po: forme (kruglie, ovalnie, udlinennie), okraske (belie, rozovie, krasnie), srokam sozrevaniya (rannie, srednie, pozdnie). repa bryukva po okraske myakoti repa bivaet jeltoy i beloy forma korneplodov bivaet krugloy ili splyusnutoy, tsvet myakoti - jeltim ili belim. belie korenya petrushka selderey pasternak xren katran trebovaniya k kachestvu korneplodov: korneplodi doljni bit tselimi, svejimi, chistimi, neuvyadshimi, nezagryaznennimi, netresnuvshimi, bez zabolevaniy i povrejdeniy selskoxozyaystvennimi vreditelyami. bolezni korneplodov belaya i seraya gnili obrazuyut beliy ili seriy nalet, a myakot prevrashaetsya v slizistuyu massu. chernaya gnil proyavlyaetsya v vide chernix vdavlennix pyaten na poverxnosti korneploda. serdtsevinnaya gnil porajaet snachala golovku, a zatem serdtsevinu korneploda, obrazuya pustoti i chernie pyatna na tkani. upakovka i xranenie ispolzuyut …

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nosti, netresnuvshimi, neprorosshimi, odnogo botanicheskogo sorta, zachishennimi do plotno oblegayushix listev, s kocherigoy do 3 sm, so svoystvennimi dannomu botanicheskomu sortu vkusom i zapaxom. ne dopuskayutsya kochani tresnuvshie, prorosshie, zagnivshie, podmorojennie, s postoronnim zapaxom. bolezni kapustnix ovoshey seraya i belaya gnili vizivayutsya gribami; porajennie listya pri etom osliznyayutsya i pokrivayutsya serim ili belim naletom. sosudistiy bakterioz porajaet chereshki listev kapusti v vide chernix pyaten, a sam list jelteet i zasixaet. pyatnistost yavlyaetsya fiziologicheskim zabolevaniem i proyavlyaetsya v vide melkix tochek serogo ili chernogo tsveta. upakovka i xranenie pozdnie sorta belokochannoy kapusti perevozyat bez tari navalom, v meshkax ili setkax. rannie sorta belokochannoy kapusti, a takje kapustu krasnokochannuyu, savoyskuyu i kolrabi upakovivayut v kuli, korzini i yashiki po 40-50kg. tsvetnuyu kapustu ukladivayut v yashiki-kletki po 20kg. na pop kapustnie ovoshi xranyat na stellajax bez tari, kocherigami vverx, pri temperature 3° s i otnositelnoy vlajnosti vozduxa 85-90% ot 3 do 5 dney. …

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yut v kuli i setki-meshki po 30 kg, a zeleniy luk, luk-porey i luk-batun - v yashiki-kletki ili korzini ryadami. na pop luk repchatiy i chesnok xranyat do 5 dney pri temperature 3°s i otnositelnoy vlajnosti vozduxa pomesheniya 70%, a zeleniy i mnogoletniy luki - do 3 dney pri otnositelnoy vlajnosti vozduxa 90%. 2.5 salatno-shpinatnie ovoshi (salat, shpinat i shavel) azotistie veshestva (3%), mineralnie veshestva (2%), osobenno jelezom, fosforom, yodom, kaltsiem, vitaminami s, r, k i gruppi v, karotinom. trebovaniya k kachestvu salatno-shpinatnix ovoshey svejie, chistie, neogrubevshie, yarko okrashennie listya, bez tsvetochnix stebley. dlina listev, ne menee: u shavelya 5sm, u shpinata - 6, u salata - 8sm. upakovka i xranenie salatno-shpinatnix ovoshey na pop - v yashikax ne bolee 10 kg, ulojennimi vertikalno v odin ryad, a shavel — navalom. xranyat ix pri temperature 4° s i otnositelnoy vlajnosti vozduxa 90-95% v techenie 1-2 sutok, tak kak eti ovoshi …

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"ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov" haqida

tovarovednaya xarakteristika xarakteristika plodov, ovoshey i gribov plan: ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov. svejie ovoshi. svejie plodi. svejie gribi. 1. ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov vodi v svejix ovoshax i plodax ot 70 do 95%. kolichestvo saxarov v ovoshax do 9,5%, v plodax - do 20% . kraxmal soderjitsya v osnovnom v ovoshax: v kartofele (18%), zelenom goroshke (6%) i saxarnoy kukuruze (10%). kletchatki v ovoshax i plodax do 4%. mineralnix veshestv (kaliy, kaltsiy, fosfor, natriy, magniy, jelezo, marganets, sera, xlor, yod, kobalt i dr.) v ovoshax i plodax soderjitsya 0,25-2%. ovoshi i plodi yavlyayutsya osnovnim istochnikom vitaminov s, r, k i gruppi v . takje organicheskie kisloti, efirnie masla, dubilnie veshestva, …

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ximicheskiy sostav i pishevaya tsennost svejix ovoshey i plodov

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