biovishelachivaniya protsesslari

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3. v nastoyashee vremya razrabotkoy protsessov bakterialnogo okisleniya i vishelachivaniya zanimaetsya bolee 100 firm i organizatsiy v 25 stranax. postroeni krupnie promishlennie ustanovki chanovogo bakterialnogo vishelachivaniya v 10 stranax (yuar, gana, zimbabve, avstraliya, ssha, braziliya, kanada, rossiya, peru, kitay) proizvoditelnostyu do 1500 t kontsentrata v sutki (tabl.5). rabotayut polupromishlennie ustanovki proizvoditel-nostyu 1-10 t/sutki (rossiya, kanada, ssha). proektiruyutsya i stroyatsya novie promishlennie ustanovki (tasmaniya, gretsiya, meksika). obrazovani krupneyshie kompanii po razrabotke i vnedreniyu biovishelachivaniya: gencor, international bioleach, us gold corp, genmin, sao bento i dr. pervaya v mirovoy praktike polupromishlennaya ustanovka bila soorujena v tulskom filiale tsnigri (sm. ris.2), a zatem v institute gidrotsvetmet (g. novosibirsk) i na baleyskoy opitnoy zif. na etix ustanovkax, nachinaya s 1972 goda, provodilis issledovaniya texnologii bakterialnogo vishelachivaniya zolotomishyakovix kontsentratov, poluchennix pri obogashenii rud bolee 20 mestorojdeniy. veshestvenniy sostav nekotorix zoloto-mishyakovix kontsentratov priveden v tabl.2 i 3. veshestvenniy sostav etix kontsentratov raznoobrazen. soderjanie v nix mishyaka …

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ya zodskoe kok-patasskoe bakirchikskoe nejdaninskoe olimpia-dinskoe mays-koe kyuchus zarmitan zoloto, g/t 55,4 32,4 34-94,0 21-150 49.0 60,8 36,5 35 serebro, g/t 42,5 7,4 15,4 120-1300 4,0 9,0 9,8 239 mishyak 2,08 9,96 5,7-7,9 9,1-20,3 3,73 5,7 4,6 16,4 jelezo 27,09 26,6 10-13,8 14,7-19,2 21,98 19,8 10.1 30,17 sera 26,15 24,1 10-12,1 15-19,5 14,5 18,3 5.56 29,47 uglerod 7,6 7,7 5,06 2.4 1.38 0,15 surma 1,4 tablitsa 2 mineralniy sostav zolotomishyakovix kontsentratov mestorojdenie soderjanie mineralov, % pirit arsenopirit pirrotin antimonit limonit sfalerit xalkopirit galenit ugol kok-patasskoe 40,5 10,1 - - - - - - - zodskoe 35-55 2-20 - - 1,5-10 2,0 0.2-2 5,0 - bakirchikskoe 14.8 21,8 - - 1,0 0,4 - 0,5 26.7 nejdaninskoe 27,3 21,6 - - 1,8 0,3 0,4 0,8 8.0 olimpiadinskoe 6,4 7.2 25,3 1,5 - 0,3 0.3 0.3 - mayskoe 41,2 7,0 2,4 2.8 2 - - - 2,18 vpervie v polupromishlennix usloviyax razrabotana texno-logiya …

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-92%, v to vremya, kak bez bakterialnogo vskritiya ono ne previshaet 11-12%. visokaya effektivnost primeneniya bakterialnogo vishelachivaniya dlya vskritiya tonkovkraplennogo zolota pokazana pri pererabotke osobo upornix kontsentratov bakirchikskogo i nejdaninskogo mestorojdeniy. upornost etix kontsentratov ob'yasnyaetsya visokim soderjaniem v nix mishyaka v vide arsenopirita, chrezvichayno tonkoy vkraplennostyu zolota, v osnovnom, v arsenopirite i bolshim soderjaniem uglistix slantsev. tablitsa 3 ximicheskiy sostav bakirchikskix kontsentratov kontsentrati soderjanie, % as au, g/t ag, g/t s gravitatsionniy 26,0 286 12 0,1 piritniy 1,85 22 5 20 mishyakovistiy 14,6 172 16 1 zolotomishyakovie kontsentrati, videlyaemie pri obogashenii rud bakirchikskogo mestorojdeniya (tabl.4) otlichayutsya ne tolko soderjaniem zolota i mishyaka, no i ugleroda, kotoriy v osnovnom svyazan s piritnoy fraktsiey. vishelachivaniyu podvergali smesi kontsentratov v sootvetstvii s predpolagaemoy texnologiey ix videleniya iz rudi: kak pokazali provedennie issledovaniya, iz kontsentratov, soderjashix 10% mishyaka, za 120 chasov bez ispolzovaniya kontsentrirovannoy biomassi poluchen produkt s ostatochnim soderjaniem mishyaka okolo 1,8-2%. pri …

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nogo vishelachivaniya izvlechenie zolota dostiglo 94,6%, v to vremya kak iz isxodnogo kontsentrata zolota tsianirovaniem izvlekalos ne bolee 10%. naibolee slojnim ob'ektom dlya bakterialnogo vishelachivaniya okazalis zolotomishyakovie kontsentrati, poluchaemie pri gravitatsionnom i flotatsionnom obogashenii pervichnix rud olimpiadinskogo mestorojdeniya (tabl.5 i 6). oni otlichayutsya visokim soderjaniem pirrotina (bolee 30%) i antimonita (7%), chto nesomnenno okazivaet otritsatelnoe vliyanie kak na protsess bakterialnogo okisleniya arsenopirita, tak i na tsianirovanie zolota. tablitsa 4 ximicheskiy sostav kontsentratov olimpiadinskogo mestorojdeniya elementi soderjanie, % gravitatsionniy kontsentrat flotatsionniy kontsentrat mishyak 4,75 4,15-4,48 sera 23,73 16,34-21,63 jelezo 26,76 31,63-35,94 surma 6,25 0,40-1,72 uglerod organicheskiy 0,04 0,40-0,68 zoloto, g/t 60,8 182-226,1 tablitsa 5 mineralogicheskiy sostav kontsentratov olimpiadinskogo mestorojdeniya minerali soderjanie, % gravitatsionniy kontsentrat flotatsionniy kontsentrat pirrotin 33,0 31-36,5 pirit 12,0 5,0-6,0 arsenopirit 8,0 9,1-10,0 antimonit 7 0,5-1,5 kvarts, alyumosilikati i dr. 35 47,0-53,0 osnovnoe kolichestvo zolota (81-85%) naxoditsya v svobodnom sostoyanii i srostkax i xorosho izvlekaetsya tsianirovaniem. kolichestvo zolota, svyazannogo …

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el, 4- chan dlya prigotovleniya pulpi emkostyu 0,8m3, 5- chan dlya bakterialnogo vishelachivaniya (d=1,5m, n=2,2m), 6- sgustitel, 7- vakuum-filtr, 8- chani dlya neytralizatsii, raspulpovki i elektroximicheskoy obrabotki, 9- resiver. bakterialnoe vishelachivanie osushestvlyaetsya s ispolzo-vaniem smeshannoy kulturi bakteriy a.ferrooxidans, a.thiooxidans i leptospirillum ferrooxidans, adaptirovannoy k usloviyam vishelachi-vaniya kontsentrata. aktivnost takoy kulturi v jidkoy faze dostigala 2,5 g/lch po fe(ii) pri kontsentratsii bakteriy 109-1010 kl/ml. pri vishelachivanii v techenie 120 chasov rn pulpi snijaetsya s 2,16 do 1,4-1,12, kontsentratsiya jeleza (iii) povishaetsya do 40 g/l, a mishyaka do 7,9 g/l. soderjanie sulfidnogo mishyaka za vremya vishelachivaniya snijaetsya do 0,12%, a sulfidnoy seri do 0,14%. rasxod vozduxa na aeratsiyu pulpi sostavil 0,6 m3/m3 min, rasxod reagentov: sulfata ammoniya 5 kg/t, dvuxzameshennogo fosfata kaliya - 1 kg/t, xlorida kaliya - 0,2 kg/t i nitrata kaltsiya- 0,02 kg/t. pri tsianirovanii ostatkov vishelachivaniya posle neytralizatsii do rn 10,5 izvlechenie zolota sostavilo 97-98% pri soderjanii zolota v …

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3. v nastoyashee vremya razrabotkoy protsessov bakterialnogo okisleniya i vishelachivaniya zanimaetsya bolee 100 firm i organizatsiy v 25 stranax. postroeni krupnie promishlennie ustanovki chanovogo bakterialnogo vishelachivaniya v 10 stranax (yuar, gana, zimbabve, avstraliya, ssha, braziliya, kanada, rossiya, peru, kitay) proizvoditelnostyu do 1500 t kontsentrata v sutki (tabl.5). rabotayut polupromishlennie ustanovki proizvoditel-nostyu 1-10 t/sutki (rossiya, kanada, ssha). proektiruyutsya i stroyatsya novie promishlennie ustanovki (tasmaniya, gretsiya, meksika). obrazovani krupneyshie kompanii po razrabotke i vnedreniyu biovishelachivaniya: gencor, international bioleach, us gold corp, genmin, sao bento i dr. pervaya v mirovoy praktike polupromishlennaya ustanovka bila soorujena v tulsk...

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