grammar in discourse analysis

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. grammar in discourse analysis grammar in discourse is not only about correct forms, but about how structures organize meaning in real communication. a. cohesion devices (grammar for linking ideas) reference: pronouns (he, she, it, this, those) and demonstratives to track participants. ellipsis & substitution: leaving out or replacing words ("would you like tea?" – "yes, i would"). conjunctions: additive (and, also), adversative (but, however), causal (so, therefore), temporal (then, after). b. sentence structures in discourse theme and rheme (topic–comment): how information is ordered in sentences. complex sentences: subordination, coordination, relative clauses for clarity and emphasis. nominalization: turning verbs/adjectives into nouns to build academic or formal texts. c. grammar of spoken vs. written discourse spoken: incomplete sentences, fillers, tag questions, repetitions. written: more complex subordination, passive voice, careful tense/aspect use. 🔹 2. vocabulary in discourse analysis vocabulary study in discourse looks at how words create cohesion, coherence, and meaning. a. …

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short text. rewriting activity: convert a spoken transcript into a more formal written text (practice grammar and vocabulary shifts). collocation sorting: group words into natural collocations, then discuss their discourse function. discourse marker matching: match spoken/written markers with example sentences. ✅ teaching tip: always connect grammar and vocabulary to context, meaning, and function—not just correctness. show students how language choices affect clarity, persuasion, politeness, and style in discourse. level: b2 (upper-intermediate) duration: 80 minutes topic: grammar and vocabulary in discourse analysis skills: reading, analyzing, speaking, writing 🎯 lesson objectives by the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 1. identify grammatical features (reference, conjunctions, ellipsis, sentence structure) that create cohesion in discourse. 2. recognize lexical cohesion (repetition, synonyms, collocations, lexical chains). 3. use discourse markers and appropriate vocabulary for spoken vs. written registers. 4. apply grammar and vocabulary choices to produce coherent discourse in speaking/writing. 📝 lesson procedure …

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de a text with missing reference words and conjunctions. example: “tom wanted to go to the cinema, _ he didn’t have enough money. _ he stayed at home.” students fill in: but, so. pair check and class feedback. 4. presentation: vocabulary in discourse (15 min) introduce lexical cohesion with examples: repetition: “climate change – climate – warming.” synonyms/paraphrasing: “students – learners – participants.” collocations: “make a decision,” “take a risk.” lexical chains: words related to “travel” (plane, journey, trip, passenger). introduce discourse markers: spoken: well, you know, actually, anyway. written: moreover, however, in addition. 5. practice activity 2 (vocabulary focus – 15 min) provide two short texts (one spoken transcript, one academic). students highlight: repeated words and synonyms. discourse markers. collocations. compare in pairs: which text is more formal? why? 6. production (10 min) task: in groups, students rewrite a short informal dialogue into a formal written paragraph. example dialogue: …

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. grammar in discourse analysis grammar in discourse is not only about correct forms, but about how structures organize meaning in real communication. a. cohesion devices (grammar for linking ideas) reference: pronouns (he, she, it, this, those) and demonstratives to track participants. ellipsis & substitution: leaving out or replacing words ("would you like tea?" – "yes, i would"). conjunctions: additive (and, also), adversative (but, however), causal (so, therefore), temporal (then, after). b. sentence structures in discourse theme and rheme (topic–comment): how information is ordered in sentences. complex sentences: subordination, coordination, relative clauses for clarity and emphasis. nominalization: turning verbs/adjectives into nouns to build academic or formal texts. c. grammar of ...

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