yadovitie jivotnie

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ppt/media/image51.png ppt/media/image56.jpeg ppt/media/image57.png ppt/media/image63.png ppt/media/image61.jpeg ppt/media/image60.jpeg ppt/media/image58.png ppt/media/image37.png ppt/media/image36.png ppt/media/image34.png ppt/media/image33.jpeg ppt/media/image40.png ppt/media/image42.png ppt/media/image44.png ppt/media/image43.png ppt/viewprops.xml ppt/tablestyles.xml ppt/presprops.xml docprops/app.xml docprops/core.xml ppt/media/image1.png ppt/media/image10.png ppt/media/image11.png ppt/media/image12.png ppt/media/image13.png ppt/media/image15.png ppt/media/image16.png ppt/media/image17.png ppt/media/image18.png ppt/media/image19.png ppt/media/image2.png ppt/media/image20.png ppt/media/image21.png ppt/media/image23.png ppt/media/image24.png ppt/media/image28.png ppt/media/image29.png ppt/media/image30.png ppt/media/image31.png ppt/media/image32.png ppt/media/image35.png ppt/media/image38.png ppt/media/image39.png ppt/media/image4.png ppt/media/image41.png ppt/media/image45.png ppt/media/image46.png ppt/media/image47.png ppt/media/image48.png ppt/media/image49.png ppt/media/image50.png ppt/media/image52.png ppt/media/image53.png ppt/media/image54.png ppt/media/image55.png ppt/media/image59.png ppt/media/image6.png ppt/media/image64.png ppt/media/image65.png ppt/media/image66.png ppt/media/image67.png ppt/media/image68.png ppt/media/image69.png ppt/media/image70.png ppt/media/image71.png ppt/media/image72.png ppt/media/image73.png ppt/media/image74.png ppt/media/image75.png ppt/media/image76.png ppt/media/image8.png [content_types].xml _rels/.rels docprops/custom.xml po xarakteru fiziologicheskogo deystviya na jivie organizmi zootoksini delyatsya: neyrotoksini – bolshe okazivayut deystvie na nervnuyu sistemu tsitotoksini – porajayut kletok tkaney gemolizini – privodyat k razrusheniyu eritrotsitov krovi gemoragini – razrushayut provodimost krovenosnix sosudov murena meduza kornerot kubomeduzi ch ernomorskaya meduza - aureliya mollyuski sredi mollyuskov yadovitimi ya

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vlyayutsya osminogi, ili spruti, i nektorie morskie vidi bryuxonogix. u osminogov yadovitiy sekret videlyaet zadnyaya para vidoizmenennix slyunnix jelez, u bryuxonogix mollyuskov yadovitie jelezi otkrivayutsya v kanali zubtsov raduli. yad soderjit gistamin, gialuronidazu i drugie visokotoksichnie komponenti, obladayushie neyrotoksicheskim deystviem. osminogi, kak pravilo, ne napadayut na cheloveka (napadenie mojet bit obuslovleno popitkoy poymat osminoga ili daje prosto priblizitsya k nemu). otravlenie mollyuskami proisxodit v rezultate ukola zubtsami raduli. vozmojno takje otravlenie s'edobnimi vidami mollyuskov (midiyami), kotorie priobretayut yadovitie svoystva, pitayas yadovitimi prosteyshimi. kishechnopolostnie yadovitimi dlya cheloveka kishechnopolostnimi yavlyayutsya nek-rie vidi korallovix polipov (v t. ch. aktinii) i meduz. yadovitiy sekret videlyayut strekatelnie kletki shupalets. v sostav yada kishechnopolostnix vxodyat razlichnie organicheskie kisloti, gistamin, serotonin ili drugie tsiklicheskie amini i toksini belkovoy prirodi. v zavisimosti ot komponentov eti yadi mogut okazivat mestnoe razdrajayushee, prijigayushee (toksicheskiy dermatit), gemoliticheskoe ili neyrotoksicheskoe deystvie. porajenie cheloveka proisxodit pri prikosnovenii shupalets. prosteyshie sredi prosteyshix yadoviti dlya …

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ot vremeni goda, xaraktera pitaniya i drugix faktorov. bolshey toksichnostyu obladayut samki. samtsi nekotorix vidov yadovitix jivotnix voobshe ne yadoviti. rassmotrim ix popodrobnee: yadovítie jivótnie — predstaviteli raznoobraznix klassov i vidov jivotnix, v organizmax kotorix postoyanno ili periodicheski virabativayutsya veshestva, yadovitie dlya cheloveka ili drugix vidov. kak pravilo, yad v organizmax etix jivotnix virabativayut osobie yadonosnie apparati, yavlyayushiesya organami zashiti i napadeniya. v nekotorix sluchayax yad virabativaetsya i soderjitsya v tkanyax etix jivotnix, chto delaet ix neprigodnimi dlya upotrebleniya v pishu. deystvie yada etix jivotnix nosit razlichniy xarakter: ono mojet varirovat ot nebolshogo nedomoganiya do pochti mgnovennoy smerti proisxojdenie yadovitosti evolyutsionno naibolee primitivnaya forma yadovitosti – eto passivnaya yadovitost, to est nakoplenie toksichnix metabolitov v organizme; u jivotnix, ne imeyushix sposobov zashiti ili napadeniya, poyavlyayutsya spetsializirovannie strukturi, produtsiruyushie yad, za schet usileniya zashitnoy funktsii pokrovnix kletok; yadovitie jelezi zmey yavlyayutsya preobrazovannimi slyunnimi jelezami; passivnaya i vtorichnaya yadovitost ne obespechivaet nadejnuyu …

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