ethiopian geography and the horn101

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powerpoint presentation ethiopian geography and the horn 101 cont’d… unit contents 1.1. definition, scope and themes of geography 1.2 location, shape and size of ethiopia and the horn 1.3. basic skills of map reading chapter one meaning of geography geography is the scientific study of the earth that describes and analyses spatial and temporal variations of physical, biological and human phenomena, and their interrelationships and dynamism over the surface of the earth the scope, approaches and themes of geography the scope the scope of geography is the surface of the earth, which is the very thin zone that is the interface of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, which provides the habitable zone in which humans are able to live approaches the topical (systematic) fields of geography view particular categories of physical or human phenomena as distributed over the earth regional geography is concerned with the associations within regions of …

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tion and promotes its growth and prosperity. region a region is a geographic area having distinctive characteristics that distinguishes itself from adjacent unit(s) of space location, shape and size of ethiopia and the horn location of ethiopia astronomical location,or absolute using the lines of latitudes and longitudes. 3 degree n (moyale) and 15 degree n (bademe - the northernmost tip of tigray) latitudes 33degree e (akobo) to 48 degree e (the tip of ogaden in the east) longitudes. relative location expresses the location of countries or places with reference to the location of other countries (vicinal), landmasses or water bodies. the implications of the location of ethiopia climate the country has a tropical climate, though modified by its altitude. b) socio-cultural ethiopia is one of the earliest recipients of the major world religions namely christianity, islam and judaism due to its proximity to the middle east c) political geopolitical considerations …

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wood map reading encompasses a systematic identification of natural features and manmade features importance of maps provide the basis for making geographical details of regions represented maps are powerful tools for making spatial analysis of geographical facts of areas represented maps are useful for giving location of geographical features maps are used on various disciplines like land use planning, military science, aviation, tourism, marine science, population studies, epidemiology, geology, economics, history, archaeology, agriculture etc. map makes storage of the geographical data of areas represented maps are potentially used to asses‟ reliable measurements of the geographical features. the measurements can be of area size, distance types of map according to their purpose and functions. a. topographical maps: depict one or more natural and cultural features of an area contents of topographical maps depend on purpose of a map, scale of a map, date of compilation, and nature of the land represented …

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then split into gondwanaland where africa is a part and laurasia; and later into smaller fragments over the last million years. these then drifted apart to form the present arrangement of continents. cont, australian climatologist alfred wegener proposed the hypothesis that the continents were once assembled together as a supercontinent, called the continental drift theory. wegener‟s principal observations were: fit of the continents: the opposing coastlines of continents often fit together. match of mountain belts, rock types: if the continents are reassembled as pangaea, mountains in west africa, north america, greenland, and western europe match up. distribution of fossils: the distribution of plants and animal fossils on separate continents forms definite linked patterns if the continents are reassembled. paleoclimates: rocks formed 200 million years ago in india, australia, south america, and southern africa all exhibited evidence of continental glaciations the geologic processes: endogenic and exogenic forces the internal processes (endogenic) …

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ned to make subdivisions called eras. 4. an eon is the largest period of geological time. age dating techniques there are two techniques of knowing the age of rocks: relative and absolute age dating. a. relative dating relative dating uses geological evidence to assign comparative ages of fossils which one is younger and which is older . b. absolute dating this technique was developed with discovery of radioactivity in 1896. the precambrian era geologic processes (4.5 billion - 600 million years ago) the precambrian era covers 5/6th of the earth‟s history the land was subjected to intense folding the result was the formation of huge mountain ranges. forming the basement rocks by pressure and heat the original rocks were altered into metamorphic rocks since these same processes have allowed mineralization and crystal formation, the rocks are also collectively described as crystalline rocks the precambrian rocks are overlaid by recent rock …

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powerpoint presentation ethiopian geography and the horn 101 cont’d… unit contents 1.1. definition, scope and themes of geography 1.2 location, shape and size of ethiopia and the horn 1.3. basic skills of map reading chapter one meaning of geography geography is the scientific study of the earth that describes and analyses spatial and temporal variations of physical, biological and human phenomena, and their interrelationships and dynamism over the surface of the earth the scope, approaches and themes of geography the scope the scope of geography is the surface of the earth, which is the very thin zone that is the interface of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, which provides the habitable zone in which humans are able to live …

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